高一英语必修一知识点
发表时间：2025-05-13高一英语必修一知识点。
在我们的学习时代，说起知识点，应该没有人不熟悉吧？知识点也可以通俗的理解为重要的内容。那么，都有哪些知识点呢？以下是小编整理的高一英语必修一知识点汇总笔记，希望对大家有所帮助。
高一英语必修一知识点 篇1
1.prefer
Prefer doing…to doing…
Prefer to do rather than do
2.advantages/disadvantages优势/劣势
2.Ever since middle school,my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.从高中起，我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。
连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，介词since与时间点连用
It is/has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时自从……至今已经多久了。
3.persuade sb to do sth=persuade sb into doing sth说服某人做某事
4.强调句型It is/was+被强调部分+that/who
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who;如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。
not…until的强调句
5.be fond of喜欢，喜爱
6.Although尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句
① although 从句多在句首，though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且though 可以作副词用于句末，作“但是，不过”讲，而although 无此用法。
② as though(仿佛，好像)，even though(即使，尽管)中不能用although。
③ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的`动词原形前置到句首，此用法同as),而 although 不可以。
7.insist on doing sth/sth.一定要、坚持主张
She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly.
她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大
11.care about关心 在乎
care for喜欢，照料，照顾
12.change one’s mind改变主意
13.experience经历/经验
14.Once可作为从属连词，作“一(旦)……就……”解，连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时现在完成时表将来。
Once you have begun you must continue.
15.give in让步 give up 放弃
16.instead of代替，而不是
17.make up one’s mind to do下定决心做某事
18.a large parcel of一大包
19.as usual像往常一样
20.put up our tent搭帐篷
21.stay awake睡不着，醒着stay up熬夜
22.for company做伴
23.lie beneath the stars躺在星空下
24.can hardly wait to do=can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事
25.go in the right direction走正确的方向
26.at a very slow pace.以很慢的速度
27.be similar to类似于
28.afford to do sth付得起，能承担
29.be tired from因……而疲劳be tired of对……厌倦
30.be in high spirits喜气洋洋，兴高采烈
31.come true实现，成真
32.give sb some advice on doing...
33.a guide to………的指南
34.on a tour在游览中，在巡演中
35.in detail详细地
高一英语必修一知识点 篇2
1.be good to对……友好be good for对……有益;be bad to…/be bad for…
2.add up加起来 增加
add up to合计，总计
add…to把……加到……
3.not…until/till意思是“直到…才”
4.get sth/sb done使……完成/使某人被……
5.calm down平静下来
6.be concerned about关心，关注
7.当while,when,before,after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的`主语和be动词省去。
While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose.
8.cheat in the exam考试作弊
9.go through经历;度过;获准，通过
10.hide away躲藏;隐藏
11.set down写下，记下
12.I wonder if…我不知道是不是…
12.on purpose故意
13.sth happen to sb某人发生某事
sb happen to do sth某人碰巧做某事
it so happened that……正巧 碰巧
14.It is the first(second…)that…(从句谓语动词用现在完成时)
15.in one’s power处于……的控制之中
16.It’s no pleasure doing…做…没有乐趣
It’s no good/use doing sth.做某事是没好处/没用的
17.She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.it做形式宾语
18.suffer from患…病;遭受
19.so…that…/such…thay…
20.get tired of…对…感到劳累 疲惫
21.have some trouble with sb/sth.在……上遇到了麻烦
22.get along with sb/sth.与某人相处
23.ask(sb)for advice.(向某人)征求建议
24.make后接复合宾语，宾语补足语须用不带to的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:
make sb.do sth.让(使)某人做某事
make sb./sth.+adj.使某人/物…
make sb./oneself+v-ed 让某人/自己被…
When you speak,you should make yourself understood.
make sb.+n.使某人成为…
25.alone /lonely.单独的/孤独的
26.I would be grateful if…委婉客气提出请求
27.Why not do…=why don’t you do…
高一英语必修一知识点 篇3
Unit1
wakeup醒来wanderoff漫步
mostofthetime大部分时间either…or…或……或……eachother互相
spend…(in)doingsth花费时间做某事bedeterminedtodo决定做……thinkabout看法forexample举例子workout得出；解决arguefor为……辩护
arguewith与……争论/争辩argueagainst争辩……
setup（具体）设置；安装/（抽象）建立dosomeresearch做研究
choosetodosth.宁愿、偏要、决定做某事catchone’seye引起某人的注意carefor照顾
beintendedfor/todo为……而准备、预定reachadoctor找到医生
musthavedone一定是；想必是getatraining得到训练aswellas……也secondto次于
getsb.into使某人进入/陷入
storyafterstory一个故事接着一个dayafterday一天又一天deliverababy给……接生makesure确保bythetime这时候carryon继续
beconcernedabout对……关心put…todeath处死
devote…to…把……专注于……ratherthan不是……而是……meandoing意味着meantodo打算做……settledown安顿下来applyto应用到……bepreparedto已经做好准备去做……preparetodo准备要做……
Unit2
ifso如果有……ifnot如果没有……knowabout了解
callhimafarmer称呼他为农民inmanyways在许多方面strugglefor为……斗争
thepastfivedecades过去的五十年beborninpoverty出生贫困graduatefrom毕业于……sincethen从那以后thanksto由于
rid…of…使……摆脱……besatisfiedwith对……满足leada…life过着……生活careabout在意……usedto过去常常
beusedto被用来做；习惯于getusedto习惯于
prefertodosth.更喜欢做某事wishfor欲得到、愿得到nomatter无论inneedof需要referto谈及；提到berichin富含
insistondoing坚持做……
readytodosth准备好要做没某事beagainst反对
payattentionto注意；留心thatistosay换句说
becertain/suretodo确信会做某事
persuadesbtodosth说服某人干某事-结果成功advisesbtodosth劝说某人干某事-结果失败
Unit3
bumpinto撞上(=knockinto)；碰见becontentwith对……满足worseoff境况差
astonishsb.withsth.用某事物使某人震惊befamousfor由于……而著名inpoverty贫困bewellknown闻名besetin以……为背景insearchof寻找pickup捡起
becaughtin被困在……
pickout（用个人喜好或希望进行）挑选cutoff切下starin表演turninto变为askfor要求……nomorethan不超过
comeacross走过来；偶然碰到breakdown把……分解/弄碎；损坏fallover摔翻falldown倒塌
dowellin……（方面）做得好makeacupoftea泡茶bringout取出；阐明bringin引入
asenseof……观念
Unit4
beinterestedin对……感兴趣lookaround四周张望
sendsb.todo派遣某人……evenif尽管
meetwith(=comeinto)偶然碰到
mayhavedone某事可能已经做了（或发生）reachout…for…伸出……去……notall不是所有
spokenlanguage口语closeto靠近
belikelyto有可能……
introducesth.tosb.向某人介绍……not…nor…既不……也不……
shakehandswith(=shakeone’shand)与某人握手allkindsof多种多样的'……besimilarto与……相似atease安逸
upanddown上下protectsbfromV-ing/sth从……保护某人withyourhandsalittleopen手微微张开bewillingto愿意去做……
looksb.intheeye正视/直视某人takeaction采取行动watchout小心
Unit5
providesb.with…提供……abit一会儿；一点儿suchas如……
avarietyof各种各样的……charge…for…向……收费bebasedon以……为基础notjust不仅仅
alongwith连同……；伴随……cometolife活跃起来
havesthdone使得……；让……被做benamedafter以……命名bedifferentfrom与……不同getcloseto靠近
learnabout（=learnof）学习；得知；听到takeanactivepartin积极参与facetoface面对面tryout试验
largeamountsof/alargeamountof大量（不可数）pointout指出atleast至少
高一英语必修一知识点 篇4
重点单词
major local represent curious introduce
approach stranger express action general
avoid misunderstand similar agreement adult
punish intend means universal cultural
apologize behave bow flight defence
dormitory canteen dash comfortable distance
prefer touch custom false hug
function international powerful greet fist
yawn threaten respectful association gesture
高一英语必修一知识点 篇5
a number of若干
above all首先，尤其
be absorbed in专心于
by accident偶然
account for说明
on account of因为，由于
take…into account考虑
be accustomed to习惯于
add up to合计，总计
in addition另外
in addition to除……之外
in advance提前，预先
take advantage of利用
ahead of在……前面，先于
in the air在流行中，在传播中
after all终于，毕竟，虽然这样
all but几乎，差一点，除……之外其余都
all over遍及，到处
at all完全，根本
in all总共，共计
make allowances for考虑，顾及，体谅
in alliance with与……联盟
leave…alone听其自然，不要去管
let alone更不用说
along with与……一起
one after another一个接一个
one another互相
apart from除去
as for至于，就……方面说
as if好象，仿佛
as though好象，仿佛
as to至于，关于
as well也，一样
aside from除……以外
ask for请求，要求
pay attention to注意
on the average平均，一般说来
right away立即，马上
bake and forth来回，往返，来来往往
bake off放，让步，退却
bake up支持，援助
on the basis of根据，在……的基础上
because of由于，因为
on behalf of代表，为了
at the best充其量，至多
do/try one‘s best尽力，努力
get the best of胜过
make the best of充分利用，妥善处理
for the better好转，改善
get the better of打败，智胜
had better还是，应该
on board在(船、车、飞机等)上
be bound to必定，一定
break away脱离，逃跑
break down损坏，分解，瓦解
break in强行进入，闯入，打断
break into闯入
高一英语必修一知识点 篇6
as 可作关系代词，引导定语从句。
1.as
as可以在限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句中作主语或宾语。
① 在限制性定语从句中，as可跟在由suc, so, the same修饰的先行词之后。
Such men as heard him were deeply moved. 听过他说话的人，都会深受感动。（as在定语从句中作heard的主语）
I've never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过像他讲的这样的故事。（as在定语从句中作tell的宾语）
He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can lift. 他搬起别人都搬不起的大石头。（as在定语从句中lift的宾语）
比较：
在the same
高一英语必修一知识点 篇7
一、过去分词
过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。它在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。这节课讲解作定语、表语的用法。
1. 作定语
作定语的过去分词如果是单词，一般放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，一般放在被修饰词的后面。例如：
There are many fallen leaves on the ground.
This is a book written by a worker.
2. 作表语
过去分词作表语,多表示主语所处的状态。
I was pleased at the news.
The door remained locked.
过去分词作表语，相当于形容词，常见的有：delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married 等。
过去分词作表语时，应注意与被动结构的区别。系表结构说明主语的状态或具有的性质、特点;被动结构强调谓语动作。
The small village is surrounded by trees.(状态)
The small village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(动作)
I'm interested in chess.(状态)
3. 过去分词做状语
①表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词 when 或 while 来强调时间概念。
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.
Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
②表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。
Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once.
Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.
③表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用 if 等词
Heated, water changes into steam.
Given another chance, he will do better.
④表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。
Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.
⑤表伴随，说明动作发生的背景或情况。
Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the classroom.
The trainer appeared, followed by five little dogs.
倒装句：
一、here, there, now, then, thus 等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用 be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell. 铃声响了。
Then came the chairman.主席来了。
Here is your letter. 你的信。
二、否定词置于句首，句子应进行倒装。 neither 放句首
Tod can't swim, neither can I. 托德不会游泳，我也不会。
用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, often, at no time, not only, not once, many a time 等词开头的句子。
Never shall I go there again. 我再也不去那了。
Little did he know who the woman was.他基本上不知道那女人是谁。
Seldom was he late for class.他很少上学迟到。
用于 no sooner ... than ..., hardly... when... 和 not until... 的句型中
Hardly had I reached the station when the train left. 我刚到车站,火车就离开了。
No sooner had she gone out than the phone rang. 她刚离开,电话就响了。
Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 直到老师来，他才完成作业。
三、用于 only 放句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子。
Only in this way can you master English well. 只有这种方法，你才能学好英语。
Only that time did he do his homework. 直到哪个时间，他才做作业。
Only when he told me did I realize what trouble I was in.
省略句：
一、省略的目的
省略多见于非正式文体，尤其在对话中，省略是一种普遍的现象。英语中的省略一般说来有三个目的：
1.避免重复，减少累赘。省略的主要目的是避免重复，去掉不必要的累赘和繁琐。
Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't come to school to see me the next day.
Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't.
(省掉最后九个词，句子简洁了许多)
2.连接紧密，结构紧凑 省略也是使上下文紧密连接的一种修辞手段。
John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 1998.(Bob 后省略了 was the winner，句子结构显得比较紧凑)
3.强调重点，突出信息 省略的另一作用是突出新的信息
Truth speaks too low, hypocrisy too loud.后一分句省略谓语 speaks，突出了 too loud)
二、句子成分的省略
为了避免重复，或者为了使某一内容引人注目，可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变。
1.省略主语
Beg your pardon.请你原谅。(= I beg your pardon.))
Serves you right. 你活该(= It serves you right.)
2.省略谓语
Anything the matter? 要紧吗?(= Is anything the matter?)
The river was deep and the ice thin. 河很深，冰很薄。
(= The river was deep and the ice was thin.)
3.省略表语
Are you ready? Yes,I am.(am 后面省略了表语 ready)
4.省略宾语
We have to analyze and solve problems. (analyze 后省略了宾语 problems)
Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.(wash 和 dry 后面省略了宾语 dishes)
5.省略定语
He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved.(the rest 后面省略了定语 of the money)
6.省略状语
(Even)The wisest man cannot know everything.
省略在句子中的应用
在一个句子中，省略可分为依赖上下文省略和不依赖上下文省略两种。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到，但后者可能找不到。
1.简单句中的省略
依赖上下文的省略在对话中最为常用。
Like more beer?(= Would you like more beer?)
—World you mind if I used your telephone?
—Not at all. 一点也不。
(= I do not mind at all.)
—Will he pass this examination?
Probably. 大概会的。(= He will probably pass the examination.)
不依赖于上下文的省略。
All aboard! 请上船(= All go aboard.省略谓语)
Haven't seen you for ages!(省略主语 I)
What about having a game of chess?
Sounds like a good idea.
2.并列句中的省略
(=It sounds like a good idea. 省略主语)
Everybody appears well prepared.
(= Everybady appears to be well prepared. 省略不定式 to be)
并列句中如果前后分句有相同的部分，常常可以省略掉，以避免重复。通常被省略的可以是主语、谓语、宾语或其他万分，或句子万分的.一部分。
省略出现在后一分句
John likes collecting stamps but (John) hates listening to music.(省略主语)
省略出现在前一分句
We can (win tomorrow's match), and certainly will,win tomorrow's match.
我们能够，而且一定会在明天的比赛中获胜。(前一分句省略谓语 + 宾语)
前后两个分句都出现省略
They can (pay the full fee ) and (they)should pay the full fee.
复合句中的省略
在主从复合句中，活力的现象是很普遍的。
省略主句的句首部分。(I'm)Sorry I couldn't go.
省略整个主句或主句的一部分(回答问题时常用)。
(It is a)Pity he's failed.
If he says he'll come, he will(come).
3.在一些状语从句中，如果谓语动词是 be，主语又和主句的主语一致，或者主语是 it，常常可以把从句中的主语和 be 省略掉。
以 when, while, once, until 等连词引导的时间状语从句。
When (you are) in Rome do as Rome does.入国问禁，入乡随俗。
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4.在比较从句中通常把和主句重复的部分省掉。
省略谓语的全部
James enjoys the theeartre more than Susun.
Tom has as many books as Jack.
省略主语和谓语的一部分
Brown speaks French as fluently as English. (as 后省略了 he speaks)省略表语部分
Mrs White is not so young as she looks.(looks 后省略了 young)
省略主语和谓语的大部分，保留状语
He is working harder than before.(than 后省略了 he worked hard)
省略主语
He drank a little more than was good for him.(than 后省略了 it)省略宾语
You spent more money than I had expected.(expected 后省略了that you should spend)
省略从句的全部
You are getting slimmer. simmer 后省略了than you were before)
主句和从句中可同时省略一些成分。
The sooner (this is done), the better(it will be).
高一英语必修一知识点 篇8
1. especially, specially
especially adv.特殊地;尤其是
(1)侧重于多种事物或人中比较突出的。I like all the subjects at school, especially English. (尤其是英语)
(2) especially后可接介词短语或从句。I like the Yuelu Mountains, especially in spring. (尤其是在春天) Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep.
specially侧重特意地、专门地做某事(后面常接for sb.或to do sth.)
I made a chocolate cake specially for you.
2. boring, bored, bore
boring adj.令人厌烦的The book is very boring.
bored adj.感到厌烦的'I'm bored with the book.
bore vt.令人厌烦This book bores me.
有些表示情感的及物动词，有与bore类似的用法。如：interest, excite, surprise, amaze, frighten, astonish, move, inspire, touch, scare, disappoint, puzzle, worry这类词的现在分词形式，为“令人……”;过去分词形式，为“感到……”。
3. except for, except, but, besides
表示“除了”的词或短语有：except; but; except for; besides; except that (when...)等。
(1) except和but都表示“除了……之外。没有”，二者大多数情况下可以互换;但在no, all, nobody, nothing, no one等词后多用but。No one knows our teacher's address except / but him. (排除him)
(2) besides除……之外，还……，有附加性。What other foreign languages do you know besides English? (English与other languages都属于know的范围)
(3) except for只不过……，整体肯定，部分修正，用于排除非同类事物，for表示细节上的修正。 Your article is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.
4. know, know of, know about
(1) know用作动词，意思是“(直接地)获知，懂得，认识，熟悉”。I don't know whether he is here or not. / I know him to be honest.
(2) know of和know about的意思都是“(间接地)获知”，指听别人说到或从书报上看到，二者没有什么区别。
5. for example; such as
(1) for example“例如”，用来举例说明某一论点或情况。一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”为例，作插入语，可位于句首、句中或句末。可用for instance替换。For example, air is invisible. / His spelling is terrible! Look at this word, for example.
(2) such as “例如”，用来列举事物，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。插在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，as后面不可有逗号。Some of the European Languages come from Latin, such as French, Italian and Spanish.
[注意]如把前面所述情况全部举出，用that is或namely。
高一英语必修一知识点 篇9
1.right away毫不迟疑，立刻
2.It seemed as if the world was at an end.世界似乎到了末日。
从句表示“(在某人)看来好像;似乎”
① It seems/looks/appears as if/though…看起来好像…
② Sb./Sth.looks as if/though…
③ There seems/appears(to be)…
There appears to have been a mistake.
2.in ruins.变为废墟
3.Two-thirds
4.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
5.under the weight of在……重压下，迫于
6.in the open air在户外，在野外，露天
7.take turns to do sth依次，轮流做某事
in turn依次地，轮流地
8.be shocked at对……感到震惊
9.be proud of以……为自豪
10.express one’s thanks to sb/for sth…对/因……表示感谢
11.without warning毫无预兆
12.next to紧接着，相邻，次于
13.get away from…避免，摆脱，离开
14.disaster-hit areas灾区
15.Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody.
听英语是一项很重要的技能，因为只有当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。
16.It is believed that人们认为…
17.hold up举起;托住;支撑列举，推举
18.make up弥补,虚构,整理,和解,化妆,拼凑
19.be trapped in被困于…
20.It is said that…据说...
21.be fixed to…被固定到……
22.be tied to…被绑在……
高一英语必修一知识点 篇10
一、一般过去将来时
1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语：The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本结构：主语+was/were +going to + do+其它;主语+would/should + do+其它
4.否定形式：主语+was/were+not + going to + do;主语+would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首;would/should提到句首。
6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京。
I asked who was going there.我问，谁要去那里。
二、现在进行时
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen
3.基本结构：主语+be +doing +其它
4.否定形式：主语+be +not +doing+其它
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
6.例句：How are you feeling today?你今天感觉如何?
He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。
高一英语必修一知识点 篇11
1. distance n.距离?归纳拓展at/from a distance of在/从……远的地方in the distance在远处keep a distance away(from) (与某人或某物)保持一定距离;(对某人或某物)冷淡，疏远[英文典例] ① A shark can smell blood at a distance of half a kilometer.鲨鱼能在半公里外闻到血腥味。 ②The lion looks dangerous，so I decide to keep a distance away from it.狮子看起来很危险，所以我决定离它远点儿。 ③We saw lights in the distance.我们看到了远处的点点灯光。
2.reduce vt.&vi.减少，降低，折扣?归纳拓展reduce(from...)to... (从……)减少/降低到reduce by减少了，降低了(降低的幅度) reduce sb./sth.to...使处于(某种状态)，使成为[英文典例] ① She reduced her weight by 5 kilograms.她把体重减轻了五公斤。 ②In order to reduce the price of their products，they will take measures to reduce costs at first.为了降低产品价格，他们将采取措施首先减少成本。 ③If you buy more than 5 at a time，we will reduce the price by 10 percent.如果你一次买五个以上，我们就给你减价10%。 ?名师点津表示增减升降的起/终点，用from/to，幅度用介词by，能够搭配的动词有rise，raise，grow，fall，increase，decrease，reduce等。
3.go off离开;(爆竹、铃等)响;爆炸;(食物等)变坏;不再喜欢[英文典例] A crowd of young men went off with Jenny's portable computer.一群年轻人抢走了詹妮的手提电脑。 ②At midnight she was watching an interesting TV series when the door bell went off.午夜她正在观看一部有趣的电视连续剧，这时门铃响了。 ?归纳拓展go against违背;反对;对……不利go over仔细检查;复习;再来一遍go ahead开始;继续;进行;前进go along继续进行go into从事(某职业);调查;研究go through仔细检查;经历(困难);浏览go without没有……也能忍受过去③Don't go against your boss;otherwise you will be laid off someday.不要违背你的.上司，否则总有一天你会被解雇的。
高一英语必修一知识点 篇12
单词
at hand在附近，即将到来
hand down流传下来，传给
hand in交上，递交
hand in hand手拉着手，联合
hand on传下来，依次传递
hand out分发，散发
hand over交出，移交
in hand在控制中
on the other hand另一方面
hand about闲荡，徘徊
hand on继续下去，等一下
hand up挂断()
happen to碰巧，偶然
hardly any几乎没有，几乎什么也不
hardly …when刚一……就
in haste急忙的，草率的
have on穿着，戴着
head for驶向，走向
lose one‘s head不知所措
at heart实质上
learn by heart记住，背诵
heart and soul全心全意
lose heart丧失勇气，失去信心
can‘t help禁不住，不得不
help oneself自取所需
get hold of抓住，掌握
hold back踌躇，退缩，阻止，抑制
hold on继续，紧握不放
hold on to紧紧抓住，坚持
hold up举起，承载，阻挡
at home在家，在国内，自在自如
home and aboard国内外
in honor of为纪念，向……表示敬意
on one‘s honor以名誉担保
how about如何，怎样
高一英语必修一知识点 篇13
各种时态的被动语态
被动语态概述
被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被动语态的构成
被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下：
1、 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.
2、 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词
例如：These trees were planted the year before last.
3、 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4、 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词
例如：Your radio is being repaired now.
5、 过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.
6、 现在完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.
7、 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词
注意：
1、除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如：Their questions haven’t got answered.
2、 含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。例如：
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes.
3、 含有“be going to”， “be to”等结构的谓语，其被动语态分别用“be going to + be + 过去分词”和“be to + be + 过去分词”。例如：
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4、 被动语态与系表结构的区别：“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构，与被动语态的形式完全一样，所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作；系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者，而后者则不可以。例如：
The map was changed by someone.（被动结构）
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表结构）
系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰，被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。
例如：
He was very excited.（系表结构）
He was much excited by her words.（被动结构）
5、 主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。例如：
These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。
The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。
The clothes wash well. 这些衣服很好洗。
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